![]() The best way to think of discs is as cream-filled donuts, or perhaps as jelly-filled radial tires. ![]() What about figure 7, do you see any disc bulging The answer is no. A bulging disk occurs when the inner, jelly like portion of the disks between the bones in the spine bulge out through a tear in the outer (annulus) portion of the disk. Such narrowing can contribute to lateral and central stenosis, respectively. Since they do not have calcium in them, they cannot be seen directly on X-ray, but they can be seen with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Another pathology to look for is a general bulging (i.e., a disc bulge) of the back of the disc which can narrow the neural foramen and compress the anterior spinal canal. Discs that are known to be herniated should be diagnosed as herniations (or specific types of herniations) 3. The discs are specialized structures that act as shock absorbers between the bones. It has also been ascribed to unrecognised and atypical herniated discs. Bulging has been ascribed to redundancy of the annulus, loss of disc space height, ligamentous laxity, response to loading or angular motion, and remodeling in response to adjacent pathology, and volume averaging on CT/MRI axial images.
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